本帖最后由 等待一场奇迹 于 2014-5-22 09:11 编辑
谢谢你分享这篇文章给我,很有价值,我看了一下,并翻译了结论如下:
Lung cancers harboring mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) respond to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but drug resistance invariably emerges. To elucidate mechanisms of acquired drug resistance, we performed systematic genetic and histological analyses of tumor biopsies from 37 patients with drug-resistant non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) carrying EGFR mutations. All drug-resistant tumors retained their original activating EGFR mutations, and some acquired known mechanisms of resistance including the EGFR T790M mutation or MET gene amplification. Some resistant cancers showed unexpected genetic changes including EGFR amplification and mutations in the PIK3CA gene, whereas others underwent a pronounced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Surprisingly, five resistant tumors (14%) transformed from NSCLC into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and were sensitive to standard SCLC treatments. In three patients, serial biopsies revealed that genetic mechanisms of resistance were lost in the absence of the continued selective pressure of EGFR inhibitor treatment, and such cancers were sensitive to a second round of treatment with EGFR inhibitors. Collectively, these results deepen our understanding of resistance to EGFR inhibitors and underscore the importance of repeatedly assessing cancers throughout the course of the disease.
肺癌中表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)携带突变基因,能够响应EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,但耐药性总是会出现。为了阐明获得性耐药的机制,我们对37例携带EGFR突变的已经耐药的非小细胞肺癌病人进行肿瘤活检系统的基因和组织学分析。所有耐药的肿瘤还保留着其原始的EGFR突变,和一些后天获得性耐药机制包括EGFR T790M突变或MET基因扩增。一些耐药的肿瘤呈现意想不到的遗传改变,包括EGFR扩增和突变PIK3CA基因,而另一些经历了明显的上皮 - 间质转化。出人意料的是, 5抗性肿瘤(14%)来自非小细胞肺癌转化为小细胞肺癌( SCLC),对标准的SCLC的治疗敏感。 3例,连续活检发现,在没有持续地选择性EGFR抑制剂治疗下, 失去了耐药的遗传机制,而这种癌症对第二轮治疗EGFR抑制剂敏感。总的来说,这些结果加深我们对抗EGFR抑制剂的理解, 说明了反复评估癌症在整个疾病过程中的重要性。
我的理解: 这篇论文深度阐述了EGFR的耐药机制,有EGFR 扩增和EGFR T790突变49%,Met 基因扩增5%, PIK3CA 突变5%,转变成小细胞癌14%,以及其他未知的机制30%。其中T790和met我们都有相应的靶向药,关于PIK3CA,憨叔在他最新的帖子里有写:http://www.yuaigongwu.com/thread-14214-15-1.html
,目前研究不多,已知只有BKM120一种药。
我感兴趣的点:他说3例在没有持续使用EGFR治疗而没有耐药,第二轮治疗还是敏感。这个是跟憨叔的理论类似阿。不过不清楚的是,1. 在第一轮中是否已经耐药。2. 第三轮第四轮呢?3. 可以以此类推到别的靶点吗比如V靶点?4. 是说所有的人都测试过只有这3例有效吗?(我还没有读完全文不知道文中有没有阐释到这些问题,先发上来跟你讨论一下)
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